What is an Array?

An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value, at a time.
If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single variables could look like this:

cars1="Saab";
cars2="Volvo";
cars3="BMW";

However, what if you want to loop through the cars and find a specific one? And what if you had not 3 cars, but 300?

The best solution here is to use an array!

An array can hold all your variable values under a single name. And you can access the values by referring to the array name.
Each element in the array has its own ID so that it can be easily accessed.


Create a Date Object

The Date object is used to work with dates and times. 
The following code create a Date object called myDate:

var myDate=new Date()

Note: The Date object will automatically hold the current date and time as its initial value!

Set Dates

We can easily manipulate the date by using the methods available for the Date object.
In the example below we set a Date object to a specific date (14th January 2010):

var myDate=new Date();
myDate.setFullYear(2010,0,14);

And in the following example we set a Date object to be 5 days into the future:

var myDate=new Date();
myDate.setDate(myDate.getDate()+5);

Note: If adding five days to a date shifts the month or year, the changes are handled automatically by the Date object itself!

Compare Two Dates

The Date object is also used to compare two dates.
The following example compares today's date with the 14th January 2010:

var myDate=new Date();
myDate.setFullYear(2010,0,14);
var today = new Date();

if (myDate>today)
  {
  alert("Today is before 14th January 2010");
  }
else
  {
  alert("Today is after 14th January 2010");
  }


The String object is used to manipulate a stored piece of text.

Examples of use:

The following example uses the length property of the String object to find the length of a string:

var txt="Hello world!";
document.write(txt.length);

The code above will result in the following output:
12

The following example uses the toUpperCase() method of the String object to convert a string to uppercase letters:

var txt="Hello world!";
document.write(txt.toUpperCase());

The code above will result in the following output:
HELLO WORLD!


Methods are the actions that can be performed on objects.
In the following example we are using the toUpperCase() method of the String object to display a text in uppercase letters:

 <script type="text/javascript">
var str="Hello world!";
document.write(str.toUpperCase());
</script>
 

The output of the code above will be:
HELLO WORLD!


Properties are the values associated with an object.
In the following example we are using the length property of the String object to return the number of characters in a string:



<script type="text/javascript">
var txt="Hello World!";
document.write(txt.length);
</script>


The output of the code above will be:
12


JavaScript is an Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language. An OOP language allows you to define your own objects and make your own variable types.
However, creating your own objects will be explained later, in the Advanced JavaScript section. We will start by looking at the built-in JavaScript objects, and how they are used. The next pages will explain each built-in JavaScript object in detail.
Note that an object is just a special kind of data. An object has properties and methods.


JavaScript is an Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language.
An OOP language allows you to define your own objects and make your own variable types.